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A network of cables connecting various electrical accessories for distribution of electrical energy from the supplier to various electrical energy consuming devices such as fans, lamps, radio, TV, and other domestic appliances through controlling and safety devices known as wiring system.
In the last session, we had discussed Engineering Fitting Workshop whereas, in today's article, we will discuss in detail about all the concepts of Electrical Engineering Workshop.
The main concepts which we can discuss here are, Types of supply systems, Wires, and Wire sizes along with Wiring boards in a detailed way.
• For Domestic installations, the Power supply is supplied through a phase and a neutral forming a single-phase A.C. 230 V
• For industrial establishments, power is supplied through a three-phase 440V. Also called as 3-Phase, 4 wire system.
A wire is defined as an insulated conductor consisting of one or several flexible strands for the flow of current.
A wire can be used as the passage of electrical energy (current) in various forms such as
• Overhead Transmission and distribution lines
• Giving service connection to various consumers
• Winding coils of electrical machines
• Domestic and industrial wiring
• For laying underground cables etc.
What is Conductor?
The material which has free electrons to conduct “current” through it is called as Conductor.
Ex: Cu, Al etc.
What is Insulator?
The material which doesn't have free electrons and will not allow the current to pass through it is called as Insulator.
Ex: PVC, Rubber, Bakelite etc.
• As per AWG (American wire gauge), the diameter of the wire is inversely proportional to the AWG number.
Example:
For Household applications, the diameter of the wire is small but its AWG No. is large I.e.14 AWG whereas, for Industrial Applications, the diameter of the wire is large but the AWG No is small i.e. 1 AWG.
• But, the Diameter of the wire is directly proportional to the current-carrying in the wire.
• Most household wiring is usually 12 or 14 AWG Wire Size
• Some of the wires are Solid and some are stranded.
The types of wires were classified based on Domestic and Industrial Applications and are as follows.
The detailed explanation of above mentioned wires is as follows.
• In this type of wires, the conductors are made up of aluminum or copper.
• In VIR, the conductor is covered by Rubber insulation and Braiding.
• It has greater properties of durability, mechanical strength, and wear resistance.
• It is suitable for moderate and low voltage cables.
• In this type of wires, a layer of strong and durable rubber is provided over the conductor.
• Additionally, the TRS wire is coated with rubber sheath compared with VIR wire i.e. The TRS wire is covered with rubber insulation, rubber sheath, and Braiding.
• The strength of the TRS wire is more than VIR wire.
• Effect of heat, moisture, and water is less in it.
• It is used for both Domestic wiring and Industrial Wiring.
• Single core TRS wire is shown in the figure.
• There is no effect of the atmosphere on Weather Proof wire.
• Rubber layer is provided on copper-conductor.
• Braiding of cotton is provided on this.
• An outer sheath is inflammable and it is not used in casing-capping type wiring.
• It is useful in service connections and Its use is nowadays has become limited.
• A Coating of insulated rubber is provided on the conductor.
• A tube made up of lead is kept over it. Due to that, there is no effect of moisture on the rubber. So it can be used in the presence of moisture.
• As Lead is soft. It is easily affected by mechanical stresses. So care has to be taken while using these types of wire.
• In this type of wire, a coating of magnesium oxide is provided as insulation on the copper conductor. Over this copper, a sheath is provided.
• When this wire has to be used in a moist atmosphere, a serving made of PVC is provided over this.
• This wire is less affected by temperature.
• This type of wire is used in wiring in factories, boilers, mines, furnace, rolling mills etc.
• In this type of wire, insulation made of polyvinyl chloride is provided over copper or aluminum conductor.
• By the usage of PVC wires, the rubber insulated wires are reduced. This wire is generally used in Voltage rating of 11KV.
• PVC is very resistant to corrosion, impact, weathering etc.
This is the detailed explanation of all the types of wires used in Electrical Workshop. Now, let's discuss about House wiring methods or House Wiring Connections.
Whenever a question is asked related to House wiring Methods or Methods of House wiring or House Wiring Connections, you need to answer like this as shown below.
The following are the different types of house wiring system in Electrical Engineering Workshop
The detailed explanation is as follows.
There are two types of conduit wiring and are as follows
If conduits are installed on either wall or roof, It is known as surface conduit wiring. In this wiring method, holes are made on the surface of a wall or on roof at equal distances and the conduit is installed.
If the conduit was hidden inside the wall slots with the help of plastering, it is called concealed conduit wiring.
Nowadays, It is the most popular, stronger and common electrical wiring system.
This is the detailed explanation of House wiring systems in Electrical Engineering Workshop.
The Demo for Home Appliances will be updated soon….
More Resources:
Engineering Fitting Workshop
Measuring Instruments used in Workshop
